Tanker trucks, by their nature, face extreme conditions and heavy loads that can accelerate wear and increase the risk of mechanical failure. An effective preventive maintenance programme not only ensures operational continuity, but also minimises risk, optimises efficiency and prolongs equipment life.
In this context, the rigorous implementation of preventive maintenance practices becomes an essential component in maintaining the reliability and safety of road tankers. Lack of proper maintenance can lead to costly downtime, unexpected failures and potential safety incidents, which can negatively affect both the operation and reputation of the company.
Here is a guide to the essential practices that drivers and operators should follow to ensure that their road tankers are kept in top condition, avoiding mechanical problems and ensuring efficient and safe operation:
1. Regular checks of critical systems
- Brake system: Make frequent inspections of the brake system, including brake discs, pads and fluids. Brakes should be checked every 10,000 kilometres or sooner if unusual noises or a decrease in braking effectiveness is detected. Change brake fluid every 1-2 years to maintain optimum performance.
- Suspension system: Check shock absorbers, springs and steering systems. Worn suspension components can affect truck stability and increase the risk of accidents. Perform a thorough inspection every 20,000 kilometres.
2. Check fluid levels
- Engine Oil: Change engine oil every 15,000-20,000 kilometres or as recommended by the manufacturer. Use high quality oils that meet engine specifications to ensure proper lubrication and reduce wear.
- Coolant and transmission fluid: Check and top off coolant levels monthly to prevent engine overheating. Change transmission fluid at the recommended interval, usually between 30,000 and 60,000 kilometres.
3. Tyre inspection and maintenance
- Pressure and wear: Keep tyres at the correct pressure to improve fuel efficiency and safety. Check pressure and wear every week. Replace tyres that show irregular or deep wear.
- Alignment and balancing: Perform tyre alignment and balancing every 20,000 kilometres to prevent uneven wear and improve handling.
4. Electrical and electronic systems check
- Battery and alternator: Inspect the battery for signs of corrosion and check its charge. Replace the battery every 3-5 years or as needed. Check the alternator to make sure it is charging properly.
- Lights and signals: Check the operation of all lights and signals every month. Replace defective bulbs immediately to ensure visibility and road safety.
5. Checking safety equipment
Make sure fire extinguishers are in good working order and recharged as necessary. Check other emergency equipment, such as warning triangles and first aid kits, to ensure they are complete and in good condition.
6. Inspecting the pump and charging hoses
- Pump maintenance: Regularly check the cargo pump for signs of wear or leaks. Change pump filters and perform preventive maintenance according to the manufacturer’s recommendations.
- Condition of hoses: Inspect charge and discharge hoses for cracks, wear or leaks. Replace damaged hoses immediately to avoid problems when loading or unloading liquids.
7. Documentation and records
Keep detailed records of all maintenance activities, including dates, work performed and parts replaced. This documentation will help you identify patterns and plan future maintenance more effectively.
Preventive maintenance is not just a routine task; it is a key strategy for ensuring the continued operability and safety of road tankers. By taking a proactive approach to maintenance, operators can avoid unexpected failures, reduce long-term costs and ensure that their vehicles remain in the best possible condition, providing reliable and efficient service. Remember, a well-maintained tanker is an investment in the stability and success of your transport operations.
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